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Asset depletion loan vs. Conventional loan

A conventional loan wants income: wages, self-employment profit, pensions, distributions. An asset depletion program manufactures income from your balance sheet instead — dividing eligible liquid assets by a term (÷360 months is the common convention) and treating the result as monthly qualifying income, employment optional.

The trade is cost and haircuts. Non-QM asset depletion pricing runs above conventional, and not every dollar counts: cash typically counts fully, brokerage assets at a discount, retirement funds at a deeper discount (and sometimes only after 59½). Conventional guidelines do have their own, narrower asset-based mechanics — but the flexible, employment-free version lives in non-QM.

Side by side

FactorAsset depletion loanConventional loan
Qualifying incomeEligible assets ÷ 360 (some programs ÷ 120 or ÷ 84)Documented employment/pension/investment income
Asset haircutsCash ~100%, stocks ~70–80%, retirement ~60–70%Assets are reserves, not income (with narrow exceptions)
Employment requiredNoEffectively yes (some income source)
Down payment20–30% typical3–20%
Rate vs. conventional~0.5–1.5% higherBaseline
Best whenLarge liquid portfolio, little taxable incomeSteady documentable income exists

Figures are representative ranges, not quotes, and vary by lender. Read the full guides: Asset depletion loan · Conventional loan.

Who should pick asset depletion loan

Retirees, recent business sellers, and investors whose statements show plenty of money but whose tax returns show little income — the classic asset-rich, income-light profile.

Who should pick conventional loan

Anyone with enough documentable income to pass conventional underwriting — the rate is lower, the down payment smaller, and assets can still help as reserves and compensating factors.

Bottom line

Qualify conventionally if your documented income allows it; the pricing is better. Asset depletion is the purpose-built tool when the portfolio is the income — budget the bigger down payment and compare a few lenders' formulas, because the divisor and haircuts move your number materially.

Still deciding? Take the 5-question loan quiz, compare every option on the loan types page, or size a purchase with the affordability calculator.

FAQ

Program-dependent. Many lenders discount retirement assets more heavily — or exclude them — when withdrawals would trigger penalties. After 59½, a common treatment is counting 60–70% of the balance. Ask each lender for their exact eligibility grid before comparing quotes.

No. Asset depletion is a mortgage qualified on a formula against assets you keep; pledged-asset structures collateralize the securities themselves. Depletion doesn't freeze or margin your portfolio — it just reads it as income capacity.

Educational information only — not financial advice, and not a quote, pre-approval, or offer of credit. Mortgage Merlin is a publisher, not a lender or broker.

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