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Dependent-spouse work permit · newcomer guide

Getting a mortgage as an H-4 EAD holder

H-4 EAD holders occupy a specific underwriting spot: fully work-authorized, SSN in hand, often professionally employed — but holding an authorization that chains to a spouse's H-1B status, which chains to an employer. Lenders can and do count H-4 income; they just ask harder continuity questions.

Most H-4 mortgage files are really household files: the H-1B principal's income plus the H-4 spouse's, underwritten together. Structured well, the combination is stronger than either income alone.

This page covers mortgage qualification only. Immigration status, visa eligibility, and legal rights are separate matters — consult an immigration attorney for your specific situation.

Credit history

With an EAD and SSN you build normal U.S. credit. Many H-4 spouses arrive after the H-1B principal and have shorter files — authorized-user history on a spouse's accounts, plus non-traditional credit where needed, closes the gap.

Income documentation

W-2 income under a valid EAD documents like any employment: paystubs, W-2s, and a verification of employment. The continuity question is the EAD's expiration — lenders typically want the card valid well past closing, and a pending renewal receipt plus employer letter when the date is close. Self-employed H-4 holders (the EAD permits it) follow the standard self-employed playbook with its two-year lens.

If you’re self-employed on top of your status, the self-employed mortgage guide and bank statement loans cover how your business income qualifies.

Down payment

Standard conventional terms with a valid SSN and EAD — 3–5% down is achievable on a qualifying household file. (FHA has been closed to non-permanent residents since May 2025.)

Loan programs open to you

  • Conventional — available with valid EAD/SSN; usually underwritten as a household with the H-1B principal
  • FHA — no longer available to non-permanent residents (May 2025 HUD policy change)
  • Bank statement / 1099 — for self-employed H-4 EAD income
  • Jumbo — dual-professional households often qualify; expect visa-aware overlays

Best-fit path

Conventional loanA combined H-1B + H-4 EAD household file at 3–5% down — two documented incomes, standard pricing, and continuity evidenced by both statuses together.

Also worth comparing:

  • Mortgage on an H-1B visaThe principal's side of the same household application — the continuity questions and documentation mirror each other.
  • Non-QM / portfolio programsA fallback when an EAD-expiry overlay blocks a conventional approval mid-renewal — portfolio lenders set their own continuity rules.

Compare every option side by side on the loan types page, or take the 5-question loan quiz.

Key consideration: the renewal chain

The renewal chain. Your work authorization renews with (and depends on) the H-1B principal's status — and renewal processing times have historically created gaps that pause employment. Underwriters look at the whole chain: EAD validity date, the H-1B's petition status, and the employer relationship behind it. File renewals early, keep receipts and employer letters in the loan file, and if a gap is likely near closing, ask upfront how the lender treats income continuity through it — policies differ more here than anywhere else in the file.

Document checklist

FAQ

Yes — valid work authorization plus documented employment counts like any income. The lender's extra diligence goes to continuity: an EAD valid well beyond closing, or a renewal in process with evidence your employer expects you back.

Lenders differ. Some proceed on the household's H-1B income alone (re-qualifying the file without yours), others pause until the card arrives. If a gap looks possible, size the loan so the principal's income alone can carry approval — it converts a blocking risk into a pricing question.

Whoever has the stronger credit-and-income file — 'primary' is about underwriting mechanics, not immigration status. Both incomes count either way on a joint conventional application; ownership on title is a separate choice you make at closing.

Educational information only — not financial, immigration, or legal advice, and not a quote, pre-approval, or offer of credit. Program availability and ranges are illustrative and vary by lender. Mortgage Merlin is a publisher, not a lender or broker.

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